Not only is spanking not effective when it comes to disciplining children, it can actually lead to everything from mental health problems to aggression. That's according to a
study published April 7 in the
Journal of Family Psychology. Researchers looked at 50 years of prior research on nearly 161,000 children. "The upshot of the study is that spanking increases the likelihood of a wide variety of undesired outcomes for children," the study's coauthor says in a
press release. "Spanking thus does the opposite of what parents usually want it to do." Those undesired outcomes are the same ones experts see with child abuse. "We as a society think of spanking and physical abuse as distinct behaviors," says one researcher. "Yet … spanking is linked with the same negative child outcomes as abuse, just to a slightly lesser degree."
Despite years of evidence that spanking causes problems, including cognitive difficulties and antisocial behavior, in children—and a lack of evidence that it actually teaches kids to mind their parents—the practice is still widespread. A survey in 2002 showed nearly 80% of US preschoolers were spanked,
Mic reports. And, according to
NBC News, a 2013 poll found 81% of Americans think spanking—"technically legal" in all 50 states—is "sometimes appropriate." Researchers argue that spanking is continuing to be practiced not because it's effective but because children who are spanked grow up to become parents who spank.