- May 24, 2015
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Hello, WgW, Hoghead1 again. Thank you for your thoughtful and informed response. it raises my hopes about this site. I am new and disgruntled, as much I have received and read seems little better that inflammatory rhetoric from individuals who have no real knowledge of what they are talking about. Hence, seeing your level of scholarship raises my hopes about what I can look forward to. Now, I don't mean to pry, but I am really curious what your background is. I am going to guess at least a graduate degree in theology, possibly an M.Div.
Alas I cannot claim to have an MDiv; I am by trade a network engineer, although in future I might well pursue an MDiv or equivalent.
On my end, I have a doctorate in theology, plus solid history of academic publications, including my dissertation, plus loads of major paper presentations, and absolutely zero work in academia. I don't know if you have looked, but for years the job market in theology and related areas has been nil. All dressed up and no place to go, that's me. Although I do not have a full-time teaching position yet, I just going to jump in, grab a seat, and consider myself among the ranks of contemporary Protestant theologians and scholars. So, I came here to at least keep in shape.
I don't know of any seminaries that are particularly booming right now, which is unfortunate. This is a separate problem which we might well discuss elsewhere. No one really does theological work for the money however.
Now regarding my point abut the Bible and the Trinity, I did not say it was unbiblical, I said it is not clearly stated in Scripture, and my experience tells me that yes, many theologians would agree with me here. As I recall, the Johannie comma is only found in later Bibles, for example.
The Comma Johanneum is not reauired in order to show the doctrine of the Trinity; we can accomplish the same really just using the Gospels of Ss. Matthew and John.
Another example, is that Paul, in Rom.8, does snot, at least not to my satisfaction, make a clear distinction between the Second and Third persons. Gen. 1 maybe implies a Trinity, maybe.
However, the "Let us," which implies one is talking to a group of fellows, appears basically tritheistic to me.
Actually, there is no need to read a particularly Trinitarian context into Genesis 1:1, as God elsewhere frequently refers to himself in the singular. So you will not see me using Genesis 1:1 in an eisgetical manner to prove the Trinity; I feel this is strictly speaking unneeded, and the third person context of Genesis 1 may or may not have any greater mystagogical signifigance. That said, you have given me a mind to review the Patristic commentary on this verse.
Moving on, Your concept of the social theory of the Trinity interests me. I gather you feel it is comparable with monotheism. I am interested in hearing your case. To me, it is blatantly polytheistic, among other problems.
It's not my theory, but rather, your description of "Social theory" seemed akin to an argument that +Kallistos made in The Orthodox Way. PM me if you want more information on this. His Eminence is an auxillary Metropolitan of the Greek Orthodox Church in the UK under the Ecumenical Patriarch, and he served as a professor at Oxford for many years in addition to running the local Orthodox parish.
In my field, process theology, Joseph A. Bracken has published a social theory of the Trinity. I don't mean to toot my horn, but in my dissertation on process pneumatology, revised and published as a book, through Susquehanna University Press, I criticized Bracken on the grounds this model is polytheistic, citing Lewis Ford as one authority to back me. But there is far more to it than that. Now, as I am sure you probably already know about process, I am not gong into a lot of details here. My biggest problem with Bracken or any other social theory of the Trinity, viewed from my process orientation, is that these seriously violate Whitehead's principle of relativity, of which God is supposed to be the finest example. Basically, this principle state, among other things, that the basic rhythm of reality is that the many always become one, and by one Whitehead means an actual entity. God, then, should be viewed as a true personality which is a synthesis of all other personalities.
I am aware of process theology. We might well have a discussion of it in another thread if you wish.
Now, on the subject of your remark that God "should be viewed as a true personality which is a synthesis of all other personalities," I would object to this in that it seems to me to come rather too close to Hindu pantheism for my tastes. Orthodoxy emphatically rejects the idea that humans can experience apotheosis and become ontologically united with God; our view is that salvation is through theosis, or energetic participation.
What is more, from a Nicene perspective inplying that God has a singular "personality" is misleading in that the Nicene position is clearly one of God consisting of three prosopa and three hypostases, one of which, that of the incarnate Logos, represents a hypostatic union between the divine and human natures, facilitating theosis.
But Bracken, and I might also accuse of this, though I haven't seen your account yet, arbitrarily block this process from reaching completion, by stopping it with a divine manyness that somehow failed to become one. What I am saying is that I can accept God as a harmony or synthesis of the Three persons, indeed as a synthesis of all personalities, but then that makes God a meta-personality. Bracken fails to see this. Granted three divine persons, they and do fuse together into one personality, one overriding state of emoti0on and consciousness, which, I guess, can be best described as meta-God. I have also considered the radical possibility of eliminating the Trinity totally, from my process metaphysic, as this doctrine just creates too many bugaboos in the first place. I have never met a scholar yet said anything but that the Trinity is basically a paradox, and I don't like paradoxes.
The problem is that apparent paradoxes, as opposed to actual paradoxess, do exist in nature. As much as I am loathe to even consider mentioning Quantum Mecahnics in a theological thread, the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle might well seem paradoxical to the uninitiated. For that matter, one might well be forgiven for considering the singularity of a black hole, as being paradoxical, or indeed the origins of the universe, and its eventual demise due to thermal entropy.
Based on these natural phenomena that boggle the mind, we should not be afraid of the idea od an apparent paradox on theological affairs. Orthodoxy goes a step further and insists that God is incomprehensible in His essence; we can only understand His uncreated energies.
What is more, the paradox itself is biblical, or else, we must simply dismiss Exodus 3:14-15 as being mere tautology, which seems to me to do a disservice to the text.
Moving on, official or no, I believe the Creed is inadequate, especially on the nature of the Spirit. The problem I have here is that most of the literature focuses on problems with the Second Person, gets so hung up there, that the Spirit ends of being the least-elaborated member of the Trinity.
Orthodox pneumatology is highly developed. I reccommend a study of the hymns of St. Ephrem the Syrian, and the classic Orthodox Dogmatic Theology by Protopresbyter Michael Pomazansky, in addition to the aforementioned work by +Kallistos.
One thing that in Western theology can contribute to a relatively de-emphasized understanding of Pneumatology, even a de-personalized understanding of the Holy Spirit, os the Filioque Clause. The position of double procession is in my mind nothing less than semi-Pneumatomachianism, which is why the Orthodox object so strongly to it (the Romans, to their credit, do agreeably say that the filioque would be heretical if expressed in Greek, and this does potentially lay the groundwork for Catholic-Orthodox ecumenical reconciliation on the basis of the idea that the procession from the Son is not, how shall I express it, generative, although one still might worry that the doctrine remains ambiguously expressed, and that the personality of the Spirit as a distinct prosopon is de-emphasized).
One final note; in seeking to understand Orthodox pneumatology, one should make a very concerted effort to avpid the works of St. Pavel Florensky (who is a saint only by virtue of having been martyred by the Soviets before his doctrine was repudiated), or his colleague Sergei Bulgakov. Their position of Sophianism was denounced as heretical by the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia, and rejected as erroneous by the Moscow Patriarchate.
The problem I have with the Creed is that, revised or no, I never comes right out and clearly states, as it does with Christ, that the Spirit is God. And in much early writing, the Spirit, when introduced, is never said to Be God and given a minor role, unlike what one would expect from God. It's one thing to officially state a creed, it is wholly another whether others truly followed in its footsteps. After all, Arius came back into vogue when Constantine's son came into power. Indeed, Constantine had to force signatures. So, centrally not all of Christendom was or is happy with it.
There is little to suggest that the resurgence of Arianism after the death of St. Constantine was due to anything other than political intrigues on the part of Eusebius of Nicomedia; it was introduced as "Christianity" to certain peoples, like the Visiogths, through state-sponsored "Evangelism," but outside of these groups, there is little to suggest this was ever a popular doctrine outside of the Imperial court.
Take Augustine. He wrote a whole work on the Trinity, "De Trinitate." I am sure you know it. Note how many different models he sets up, the psychological model,etc. I certainly he wrote all this just to pass the time, well content with official pronouncements on the Trinity. He wrote all this because he realized, brother, are we ever in trouble here. Well, I could go on. Let me know if you are interested and I will go more into detail.
On the subject of De Trinitate, I would argue that St. Augustine is certainly not proposing different doctrines but rather different models for comprehending the Niceno-Constantinopolitan doctrine.
At any rate, I believe a great flaw in Western theology is a tendency to look first to St. Augustine among Patriatic voices. I consider that if we desire a more balanced perspective, we should pay particular attention to St. Athanasius, St. Basil and St. Gregory the Theologian, when it comes to Triadology. The role of those saints in the Arian controversy is critical in providing clarity on this doctrine.
I would certainly welcome discussing this with you in greater detail. I would respectfully suggest by the way that you include a bit more whitespace, as one massive paragraph on these fora is a bit hard to read with the default font and all.
I do very much appreciate your contribution, as it is nice to have a shcolarly perspective and see a robust, intellectual contribution to this discussion. I think we might well enjoy discussing not only this, but several other theological quesrions, on this forum, in the weeks and months ahead.
God bless.
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